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Diesel Combustion with Low Environmental Impact

Researchers:  Rolf Johansson and Maria Henningsson in cooperation with

The heavy-duty engine market is dominated by compression-ignition diesel engines because of their high energy conversion efficiency. High efficiency is essential both in terms of fuel economy and the impact on global warming through CO2 emissions. Beside the goal of energy efficiency, diesel engines must fulfill numerous other requirements, such as legal constraints on emissions of NOx, soot particles, and hydrocarbons. There are also legal restrictions on the audible noise from the engine, and market demands for reliability, durability, and competitive pricing.

To steer the combustion process to the optimal trade-off between emissions, fuel economy, and audible noise, a number of sensors and actuators are available. We work on optimal control methods to manage the trade-off between emissions and fuel economy on-line. Among control methods successfully applied, linear quadratic Gaussian control and model-predictive control have been implemented and tested. Our current focus is to integrate the control of the gas flow and fuel injection processes in the engine. We also investigate dual-fuel operation, combining direct injection and port injection of different fuels to improve fuel economy.

During 2011, a new six-cylinder heavy-duty Volvo engine was installed in the lab. Research focused on machine-learning methods to extract information from in-cylinder pressure sensors to predict emissions during transient engine operation. Niklas Everitt, a master's thesis student, implemented and evaluated an experimental setup for using Cargine's free valve system on a six-cylinder engine.

This project is financially supported by Volvo Powertrain, Inc., Cargine, and the Swedish Energy Agency (program FFI P32067-1).

Publications

 

Maria Karlsson, Kent Ekholm, Petter Strandh, Rolf Johansson, Per Tunestål: "Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Model Predictive Control of a Diesel Engine". In Proc. Fifth IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control, Munich, Germany, July 2010.

Maria Karlsson, Kent Ekholm, Petter Strandh, Per Tunestål, Rolf Johansson: "Dynamic Mapping of Diesel Engine through System Identification". In 2010 American Control Conference, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, June 2010.

Rolf Johansson, Per Tunestål, Anders Widd: "Modeling and Model-based Control of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine Dynamics". In L. del Re, F. Allgöwer, L. Glielmo, C. Guardiola, I. Kolmanovsky (Eds.) (Eds.): Automotive Model Predictive Control---Models, Methods and Applications, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg, May 2010.

Anders Widd: "Predictive Control of HCCI Engines using Physical Models". Licentiate Thesis ISRN LUTFD2/TFRT--3246--SE, Department of Automatic Control, Lund University, Sweden, May 2009.

Carl Wilhelmsson, Per Tunestål, Bengt Johansson, Anders Widd, Rolf Johansson: "A Physical Two-Zone NOx Model Intended for Embedded Implementation". In SAE Technical Papers 2009-01-1509, SAE World Congress & Exhibition, April 2009, Detroit, MI, USA, April 2009.

Kent Ekholm, Maria Karlsson, Per Tunestål, Rolf Johansson, Bengt Johansson, Petter Strandh: "Ethanol-Diesel Fumigation in a Multi-Cylinder Engine". SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, 1:1, pp. 26–36, April 2009.

Luca Benvenuti, Andrea Balluchi, Alberto Bemporad, S. Di Cairano, Bengt Johansson, Rolf Johansson, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Per Tunestål: "Chapter 15: Automotive Control". In (Eds.): Handbook of Hybrid Systems Control: Theory, Tools, Applications. In J. Lunze, F. Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue (Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2009.

Maria Karlsson, Kent Ekholm, Petter Strandh, Rolf Johansson, Per Tunestål: "LQG Control for Minimization of Emissions in a Diesel Engine". In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications, September 2008.

Kent Ekholm, Maria Karlsson, Per Tunestål, Rolf Johansson, Bengt Johansson, Petter Strandh: "Ethanol-Diesel Fumigation in a Multi-Cylinder Engine". In SAE World Congress, SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0033, Detroit, MI, April 2008.

Daniel Blom, Maria Karlsson, Kent Ekholm, Per Tunestål, Rolf Johansson: "HCCI Engine Modeling and Control Using Conservation Principles". In SAE World Congress, SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0789, Detroit, MI, April 2008.

Maria Karlsson: "Control Structures for Low-Emission Combustion in Multi-Cylinder Engines". Licentiate Thesis ISRN LUTFD2/TFRT--3243--SE, Department of Automatic Control, Lund University, Sweden, March 2008.

Johan Bengtsson, Petter Strandh, Rolf Johansson, Per Tunestål, Bengt Johansson: "Hybrid Modelling of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine Dynamic—A Survey". International Journal of Control, 80:11, pp. 1814–1848, November 2007.

Rolf Johansson, Anders Rantzer: "Editorial—Hybrid Systems in Automotive Control". International Journal of Control, 80:11, pp. 1699–1700, November 2007.

Maria Karlsson, Kent Ekholm, Petter Strandh, Rolf Johansson, Per Tunestål, Bengt Johansson: "Closed-Loop Control of Combustion Phasing in an HCCI Engine Using VVA and Variable EGR". In Fifth IFAC Symposion on Advances in Automotive Control, Monterey, USA, August 2007.

Johan Bengtsson, Petter Strandh, Rolf Johansson, Per Tunestål, Bengt Johansson: "Model Predictive Control of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine Dynamics". In 2006 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications, Munich, Germany, October 2006.

Johan Bengtsson, Petter Strandh, Rolf Johansson, Per Tunestål, Bengt Johansson: "Hybrid Control of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine Dynamics". International Journal of Control, 79:5, pp. 422–448, May 2006.

Johan Bengtsson, Petter Strandh, Rolf Johansson, Per Tunestål, Bengt Johansson: "Multi-Output Control of a Heavy-Duty HCCI Engine using Variable Valve Actuation and Model Predictive Control". SAE Paper 2006-01-0873, April 2006.

Petter Strandh, Johan Bengtsson, Rolf Johansson, Per Tunestål, Bengt Johansson: "Variable Valve Actuation for Timing Control of a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine". In SAE Paper 2005-01-0147, March 2005.

 


2013-03-21